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Passage 1 阅 读
As there are so many nationalities in America, people can find almost any kind of restaurants in most of the large cities. The telephone book lists restaurants for each city according to the name, area of the city, or kind of food. Restaurants in large cities vary greatly in price. Many restaurants put up their menus on the window so you can have some idea of the price and kind of food before you enter. If you cannot find the menu on the window, and you are not sure about how expensive the place is, ask to see a menu before you sit down at a table, or just ask about the price. Appearance from the outside can be misleading ----what looks like a small, informal restaurant may really be very expensive, and what looks like a large, expensive restaurant may be very reasonable.
You can get a meal for about $4 or $ 5 or a little more if you eat in a snack bar or coffee shop, but in most city restaurant you should expect to pay $8 to $10 a person for dinner, with alcohol drinks and wine extra. Prices in New York City are even higher.
1. Restaurants in each city are listed in the telephone book according to the _______.
A) area of the city B) name of the city
C) kind of food D) any of the above
2. Where can you see the menu in many restaurants?
A) On the tables B) On the door
C) On the window D) On the walls
3. To let people get some idea of________, many restaurants have their menu put up on the window.
A) the price of the food B) the area of the city
C) the restaurant D) the kind of service provided
4. In most city restaurants, what is the usual dinner price for a person?
A) $4 to $6 B) $4 to $8 C) $6 to $8 D) $8 to $10
5. What does the passage intend to tell us?
A) Price in New York are even higher
B) Restaurants in big cities vary greatly in price.
C) Appearance of the restaurant from the outside can give you some wrong idea.
D) Any kind of restaurants can be found in most of the large cities
Passage 2
John James Audubon was born in 1785 and died in 1851,but his name is still talked about every day. Audubon was a scientist who loved nature. He wanted to show people the importance of nature in their lives. He was especially interested in birds, and painted many beautiful pictures of them. In 1950, the National Audubon Society was formed by people who were also interested in birds and wanted to continue Audubon’s nature studies. Even now, when people think of the Audubon Society, they usually think of birds. But the society does other things besides watching birds.
The members of the society try to improve the environment as much as they can. They let the public know about laws that are needed. They have helped to pass many laws that protect birds and animals, and people, too. They teach young people how to protect their environment. They try to make their own communities(居民. cleaner, better places to live in. John James Audubon knew that nature was important. He did not know how important his work would become.
6. “His name is still talked about every day” means __________.
A) people seldom speak of his name B) he is still remembered by people
C) his name is very important D) pay attention to his name, please.
7. Audubon was especially interested in birds because_____________
A) birds were very nice B) he was a painter of birds
C) birds were useful to people
D) he wanted to study nature through watching birds
8. The National Audubon Society was founded by ________.
A) Audubon’s followers B) Audubon himself
C) the scientists D) the painter of birds
9. People often think of birds when the Audubon Society is mentioned, because ________.
A) the society did a lot in protecting birds
B) some birds had joined the society
C) the society had no interest in birds
D) all the members of the society were painters of birds
10. What do you think is the title of the article?
A) Audubon and the National Audubon Society
B) How to Protect Birds
C) How to Keep Our Environment Clean
D) The Greatest Scientist
Passage 3
If you are like most people, your intelligence (智力) varies from season to season. You are probably a lot sharper in the spring than you are at any other time of year. A noted scientist, Ellsworth Huntington (1876-1947), concluded from other men′s work and his own among peoples in different climates that climate(气候) and temperature have a definite effect on our mental(精神上的)abilities.
He found that cool weather is much more favorable for creative thinking than is summer heat .This does not mean that all people are less intelligent in summer than they are during the rest of the year，It does mean ,however ,that the mental abilities of large numbers of people tend to be lowest in summer.
Spring appears to be the best period of the year for thinking. One reason may be that in the spring man’s mental abilities are affected by the same factors that bring about great changes in all nature.
Fall is next-best season, then winter. As for summer, it seems to be a good time to take a long vacation from thinking.
11. According to the passage, man’s intelligence ____________.
A) stays the same throughout the year. B) varies from day to day
C) changes with the seasons D) changes from year to year
12. Ellsworth Huntington decided that climate and temperature have ___________.
A) a great effect on everyone’s intelligence.
B) some effect on most people’s intelligence.
C) some effect on a few intelligence.
D) an effect on most people’s intelligence.
13. Ellsworth Huntington’s conclusion was based on _______________ .
A) variations of his own mental abilities from season to season
B) the results of research done by him and other scientists among peoples in different climates
C) detailed records of temperature changes different places
D) detailed records of different way of thinking among peoples in different climates
14. Why does the author say summer is a good time for a long vacation from thinking? .
A) Because a long vacation in summer helps to improve people’s mental power.
B) Because people tend to be less creative during summer.
C) Because summer is a good time for outdoor activities.
D) Because mental exertion in the summer heat takes too much of people’s energy (能量).
15. The central ides of this passage is ______________ .
A) man’s mental abilities change from season to season
B) man’s intelligence varies from place to place
C) man should take a long vacation in summer
D) if you want to do creative thinking, go to a cool place
Passage 4
You have been badly injured in a car accident. It is necessary to give you a blood transfusion because you lost a great deal of blood in the accident. However, special care should be taken in selecting new blood for you. If the blood is too different from your own , the transfusion could kill you.
There are four basic types of blood: A, B, AB, and O. A simple test can indicate a person’s blood type, which, like hair and height, is inherited from parents.
Because of substances contained in each type, the four groups must be transfused carefully. Basically, A and B cannot be mixed. A and B cannot receive AB, but AB may receive A or B. O can give to any other group; hence it is often called the universal donor. For the opposite reason, AB is sometimes called the universal recipient. However, because so many reactions can occur in transfusions, patients usually receive only salt or plasma(liquid)until their blood can be matched as exactly as possible in the blood bank of a hospital. In his way, it is possible to avoid any bad reactions to the transfusion.
There is a relationship between your blood type and your nationality. Among Europeans and people of European ancestry, about 42 percent have type A while 45 percent have type O. The rarest is type AB. Other races have different percentages. For example, some American Indian groups have nearly 100 percent type O.
16. A good title for this passage is__________
A) Getting Blood and Plasma B) Special Blood Types
C) Human Blood Types D) The Blood Bank of a Hospital
17. The word “ hence” in line 8 means_________
A) always B) often C) therefore D) seldom
18. In a blood transfusion, it is easiest to find the acceptable type of blood for a person with the blood type of _______.
A) A B) B C) AB D) O
19. The purpose of using salt and plasma before a blood transfusion is to allow time________.
A) to test the reactions to the transfusion
B) for matching the blood to be transfused with the patient’s blood.
C) for the blood to be delivered from the blood bank
D) to select a new type of blood for the patient
20. Most European have blood type_________
A) A B) B C) O D) A or O
Passage 5
College brings together people from all walks of life. There are so many different types of people in the world but if you go to a college campus, you are sure to find at least one of every kind. The great part about being here with so many different people is that you get to interact with some interesting characters and see how to deal with them. You will meet the people you dread the most, the smart –ass, the brain, or the unique spirit, but no matter who it is that is your worst nightmare to be around you will always be paired up with them in a group project. When you get into the real world you are not going to be able to pick your boss or coworkers. Interacting with these people in college and living with different roommates will help you learn how to cooperate with the people in life you find so unpleasant. College life is fun. The fact that I have been here for a short time just means it has not yet been a life changing experience to me. If I were to give any tips on how to survive, it would not be how to survive college, but how to survive life. I would have to say that one should be outgoing and live life to the fullest. Meet new people whenever you can because they just may be a major influence in your life. Also, get your work done before you go out and party. Lastly, I would have to say, in life if you ever feel lost or alone, talk to someone about it. Everyone gets depressed at times in their life and there is always someone who will listen to your problems.
21. What is the theme of the passage?
A) Relationships in college B) Homework in college
C) Freedom in college D) Party in college
22. What does the author say about group projects?
A) They are always unpleasant. B) They are always difficult.
C) Partners may not cooperate. D) Partners may be lazy
23. Why does the author recommend meeting many new people?
A) They may become your best friends B) They may influence your life
C) They may help you someday D) They make your life more fun.
24. How would you describe the author’s personality?
A) Shy and underconfident B) Strong but quiet
C) Extremely pessimistic. D) Optimistic and outgoing
25. What does the author say to do if you’re depressed?
A) Go somewhere by yourself B) Talk to someone about it
C) Try to forget about it D) See a psychologist immediately
Passage 6
Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each courses which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree.
In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty- six courses, each lasting for one semester. A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks. While attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year. It is possible to spread the period of work for the degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.
For every course that he follows, a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers. All this is imposed pressure from the strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed example by cheating, has to appear before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him or her in his or her career.
26. Normally a student would at least attend __________ classes each week.
A) 10 B) 12 C) 15 D) 20
27. According to the second paragraph an American student is allowed _________.
A) to live in a different university
B) to take a particular course in a different university
C) to live at home and drive to classes
D) to get two degrees from two different universities
28.American university students are usually under pressure of work because____________
A) their academic performance will affect their future careers
B) they are heavily involved in student affairs
C) they have to observe university discipline
D) they want to run for positions of authority in student organizations.
29. Some students are enthusiastic for positions in student organizations probably
because_______
A) they hate the constant pressure and strain of their study
B) they will then be able to stay longer in the university.
C) such positions help them get better jobs
D) such positions are usually well paid.
30. The student organization seem to be effective in ___________.
A) dealing with the academic affairs of the university
B) ensuring that the students observe university regulations
C) evaluating students, performance by bringing them before a court
D) keeping up the students, enthusiasm for social activities
Passage 7
Ever since humans have inhabited the earth, they have made use of various forms of communication. Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech. When there is a language barrier, communication is accomplished through sign language in which motions stand for letters, words and ideas. Tourists, the deaf, and the mute have had to resort to this form of expression. Many of these symbols of whole words are very picturesque and exact and can be used internationally; spelling, however, cannot. Body language transmits ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either intentionally or unintentionally.. A wink can be a way of flirting or indicating that the party is only joking. A nod signifies approval, while shaking the head indicates a negative reaction.
Other forms of nonlinguistic language can be found in Braille ( a system of raised dots read with the fingertips), signal flags, ,Morse code, and smoke signals. Road maps and picture signs also guide, warn, and instruct people. While verbalization is the most common form of language, other systems and techniques also express human thoughts and feelings.
31. Which of the following best summarize this passage?
A) When language is a barrier, people will find other forms of communication
B) Everybody uses only one form of communication.
C) Nonlinguistic language is invaluable to foreigners
D) Although other forms of communication exist, verbalization is the fastest
32. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A) There are many forms of communication in existence today
B) Verbalization is the most common form of communication
C) The deaf and mute do not need sign language for communication
D) Ideas and thoughts can be transmitted by language
33. Which form other than oral speech would be most commonly used among blind people?
A) Picture sign B) Braille C) Body language D) Signal flags
34. How many different forms of communication are mentioned here?
A)2-4 B)5-7 C)8-10 D) over 10
35.Sign language is said to be very picturesque and exact and can be used internationally as it doesn’t represent _____________.
A) Spellings B) whole words C) ideas D) feelings
Passage 8
American cities are similar to other cities around the world. In every country, cities reflect the values of the culture. Cities contain the very best aspects of a society: opportunities for education, employment, and entertainment. They also contain the very worst parts of a society: violent crime, racial conflict (种族冲突) and poverty. American cities are changing, just as American society is changing.
After World War Ⅱ, city residents became wealthier, more prosperous. They had more children. They needed more space. They moved out of their apartments in the city to buy their own homes. They bought houses in the suburbs, areas near a city where people live. These are areas without many offices or factories. During the 1950s the American "dream" was to have a house in the suburbs.
Now things are changing. The children of the people who left the cities in 1950s are now adults. They, unlike their parents, want to live in the cities. Many young professionals, doctors, lawyers, and executives, are moving back into the city. Many are single; others are married, but often without children. They prefer the city to the suburbs because their jobs are there; they are afraid of the fuel shortage; or they just enjoy the excitement and opportunities which the city offers. A new class is moving into the city --- a wealthier, more mobile class.
Only a few years ago, people thought that the older American cities were dying. Some city residents now see a bright, new future. Others see only problems and conflicts. One thing is sure: Many dying cities are alive again.
36. Para. 1 ________.
A) explains why American cities are changing
B) is a description of cities
C) shows that American cities have many problems
D) says: American cities contain the very best aspects of a society
37. In the 1950s the American "dream" was ________.
A) to have a color TV set
B) to have a big car
C) to buy an apartment in the city
D) to buy a new house in the suburbs
38. In Para. 3, the author gives _______ reasons why people want to live in cities.
A) two B) three C) four D) five
39. According to the article, cities are ________.
A) sick B) alive again
C) living D) dying
40. The movement of people to and from the city can explain ________.
A) social changes B) violent crime
C) racial conflict D) the best aspects of a society
Passage 9
As the 1800s ended, dance, like most other arts, was fairly conventional. If people went to a dance performance, they probably went to a ballet. This dance had precise moves and rigid postures. People enjoyed ballet, and it was widely accepted.
However, at around that time a young woman from San Francisco entered the scene. She would change dance forever. Her name was Isadora Duncan.
Duncan was born into an artistic family. Even as a child she loved dancing and taught dance classes for young children. She quickly developed some very strong ideas for what dance should be.
Duncan took her inspiration from nature. She loved the Pacific Ocean and the towering pine trees of her native California. She wanted to represent these natural elements in her dancing. She also looked at people’s natural movements, especially the movements of children. Running, skipping, kneeling----- theses were things done by children all over the world. Duncan incorporated them into dance routines. She believed that older dances were rather lifeless; hers, she felt, should express emotion.
When Duncan performance her dances in places like Chicago and New York, she caused a sensation. People were not prepared to see a young woman in a thin, flowing dress running and leaping across the stage barefoot. She had to go to Europe for acceptance. Received more favorably in London, she gradually opened dance schools in many cities. Soon she was touring and performing everywhere. Her ideas paved the way for what we know as modern dance today.
Duncan’s death was as startling as her life. As she rode in an open sports car in France, the long scarf around her neck tangled in the car’s wheels and she was strangled.
41. This passage is mostly about __________.
A) Isadora Duncan’s early life
B) Isadora Duncan’s contributions to dance
C) why people in the 1800s liked ballet
D) Isadora Duncan’s death
42. Duncan got her best early acceptance in __________.
A) Chicago B) San Francisco
C) New York D) London
43. Early audiences found Duncan’s performances ________.
A) foolish B) boring C) worthwhile D) scandalous
44. The word “ However” at the beginning of the second paragraph signals ________.
A) that similar information is to follow B) an argument
C) a contrast D) a description
45. In this passage “conventional” means ________.
A) normal and usual B) strange and exotic
C) involving a large meeting of people
D) involving people from many different professions.
Passage 10
The structure of a family takes different forms around the world and even in the same society. The family’s form changes as it adapts to changing social and economic influences. Until recently, the most common form in North America was the nuclear family ,consisting of a married couple with their minor children. The nuclear family is an independent unit. It must be prepared to fend for itself. Individual family members strongly depend on one another. There is little help from outside the family in emergencies. Elderly relatives of a nuclear family are cared for only if it is possible for the family to do so. In North America, the elderly often do not live with the family; they live in retirement communities and nursing homes.
There are many parallels between the nuclear family in industrial societies, such as North America, and families in societies such as that of the Inuit, who live in harsh environments. The nuclear family structure is well adapted to a life of mobility. In harsh conditions, mobility allows the family to hunt for food. For North Americans, the hunt for jobs and improved social status also requires mobility.
The nuclear family was not always the North American standard. In a more agrarian time, the small nuclear family was usually part of a larger extended family. This might have included grandparents, mother and father, brother and sisters, uncles, aunts and cousins. In North America today, there is a dramatic rise in the number of single-parent households. Twice as many households in the United States are headed by divorced, separated, or never-married individuals as are comprised of nuclear families. The structure of the family, not just in North America, but throughout the world, continues to change as it adapts to changing conditions.
46. The title for this passage would be ________.
A) What Makes a Family
B) The life of the Inuits
C) Living with Hardship
D) The Failure of the Nuclear Family
47. A nuclear family is defined as ________.
A) a married couple with their minor children
B) a single father with minor children
C) parents, grandparents, and children
D) parents, children, and aunts, and uncles
48. The information in this passage would most likely be found in _______.
A) an anthropology B) a biology textbook
C) a mathematics textbook D) a geography textbook
49. The information in the first paragraph is presented mainly through ________.
A) listing statistics B) telling a story
C) pointing out similarities D) pointing out differences
50. The word “ mobility ” means _______.
A) money B) readiness to move C) organization D) skill
Passage 11
Are you planning a vacation? If you like hot and extremely dry summers, go to Phoenix, Arizona. For hot temperatures but lots of rain and thunderstorms, try Miami, Florida. If you want average temperatures and rainfall, St. Louis, Missouri, is the spot. Or if you’re a cold weather fan, head to Fairbanks, Alaska. Its winters are very cold with little precipitation. Each of these cities has a certain type of weather. The average weather for a place over many years is called climate, and in no two places in the world is it exactly the same. How can this be?
Many things in nature, such as sunshine, temperature, and precipitation, affect climate. Nearness to mountain, oceans and large lakes affects it too. Anther factor is altitude, or height above sea level. Air cools as altitude increases. So a city at higher altitude may be colder than one at a lower altitude. Finally, winds affect climate. They move heat and moisture between the oceans and continents. Winds keep the tropics from overheating. They keep the polar regions from getting overly cold.
Climate changes over long periods of time. Some scientists think, for example, that the earth’s climate changed at the time of the dinosaurs. They think the dinosaurs died because of the change. What causes a climate to change? One possible cause may be changes in the sun. Sunspots, for example, are cool, dark spots that form on the sun. Sunspots may decrease precipitation on the earth and cause unusually dry periods. Changes in the atmosphere may change climate too. Volcanic eruptions, for instance, release solid particles into the air. These particles may form a cloud that blocks out the sun’s heat. Human activity is another cause of climate change. Air pollution and the reduction of forest cover may have long-term effects on climate.
51. This passage is concerned with things that affect ________.
A) precipitation B) Climate C) altitude D) Sunspots
52. Change in climate may have caused ___________.
A) dinosaurs to die B) dark spots to form on the sun
C) volcanic eruption D) air pollution
53. The effect of a volcanic eruption on climate may be to make it ________.
A) wetter B) dryer C) warmer D) colder
54. To help readers understand how climate can change, the writer uses _______.
A) examples B) a story about the seashore
C) order of importance D) a strong argument
55. Which of the following is the place of greatest altitude on a mountain?
A) the foot of the mountain B) 8,500 feet up the mountain
C) the top of the mountain D) 15,785 feet up the mountain |
